中考英语知识点——常见的动词短语

动词短语的分类

(1)动词+介词

　　常见的有look for, look after, ask for, laugh at, hear of 等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后。如：

　　Don’t laugh at others.

　　Tom asked his parents for a bike.

(2)动词+副词

　　常见的有give up, pick up, think over, find out, hand in,等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，既可放在副词前边，又可放在副词后边;宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则要放在副词前边。如：

　　You’ll hand in your homework tomorrow.

　　Please don’t forget to hand it in.

(3)动词+副词+介词

　　常见的有 go on with, catch up with等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：

　　Go on and I’ll catch up with you in five minutes.

　　After a short rest, he went on with his research work.

(4)动词+名词+介词

　　常见的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：

　　You should pay attention to your handwriting.

　　We should make full use of our time.

(5)动词+形容词

　　常见的有leave open, set free, cut open等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，则宾语可放在形容词的前边，也可放在后边;宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则必须放在形容词前边。如：

　　The prisoners were set free.

　　He cut it open.

(6)动词+名词

　　常见的有take place, make friends等。这类短语动词用作不及物动词。如：

　　This story took place three years ago.

　　I make friends with a lot of people.

动词短语的辨析

(1)be made in(在……生产或制造)，be made of(由……组成或构成)

(2)come down(下来;落)，come along(来;随同)，come to oneself(苏醒)，come true(实现)，come out(花开;发芽;出现;出来)，come over(过来;顺便来访)，come in(进来)，come on(来吧;跟着来;赶快), come up with(找到;提出)

(3)do one’s best(尽最大努力), do well in(在……干得好), do one’s homework(做作业)，do some reading(阅读)

(4)fall asleep(入睡)，fall behind(落在…..后面)，fall off(从……掉下)，fall down(到下;跌倒)

(5)get down(下来;落下)，get on(上车)，get to(到达)，get up(起床)，get back(回来;取回)，get off(下来)，get on well with(与……相处融洽)，get married(结婚)，get together(相聚)

(6)give up(放弃)，give…a hand(给与……帮助)，give a concert(开音乐会)

(7)go back(回去)，go on(继续)，go home(回家)，go to bed(睡觉)，go over(过一遍;仔细检查)，go out(外出;到外面)，go wrong(走错路)，go on doing(继续做某事)，go shopping(买东西)，go boating(去划船), go fishing(去钓鱼)，go hiking(去徒步旅行)，go skating(去滑冰)，go straight along(沿着……一直往前走)

(8)have a look(看一看), have a seat(坐下), have supper(吃晚餐), have a rest(休息), have sports(进行体育活动), have a cold(感冒), have a cough(咳嗽), have a good time(过得愉快), have a headache(头痛)，have a try(尝试;努力)

(9)look for(寻找)，look out(留神; 注意)，look over(仔细检查)，look up(向上看;抬头看)，look after(照顾; 照看)，look at(看; 观看)，look like(看起来像)，look the same(看起来像)，

(10)make friends(交朋友)，make phone calls(打电话)，make money(赚钱)，make the bed(整理床铺)，make a noise(吵闹)，make a faces(做鬼脸)，make one’s way to(往……走去)，make room for(给……腾出地方)，make a decision(做出决定)，make a mistake(犯错误)，make up one’s mind(下决心)

(11)put on(上演;穿上;戴上)，put up(挂起;举起)，put down(把某物放下来)，put away(把某物收起来), put off(推迟)

(12)take off(脱掉衣服)，take photos(照相)，take time(花费时间)，take out(取出)，take a seat(坐下)，take an active part in(积极参加)，take care of(照顾;照料;注意)，take exercise(做运动)，take one’s place(坐某人的位置;代替某人的职务)，take turn(轮流)

(13)talk about(谈话;交谈)，talk with(和……交谈)

(14)turn on(打开电灯，收音机，煤气，自来水等)，turn off(关上电灯，收音机，煤气，自来水等)，turn down(关小;调低)，turn…over(把…..翻过来)

(15)think of(认为;想起)，think about(考虑)