一、重点词汇

1、make

make +宾语+动词原形 He made us stay with him.

make +宾语+ 形容词 He tried to make his mother happy

make +宾语+名词- He made me his friend.

make +宾语+介词短语 He asked us to make ourselves at home.

make +宾语+过去分词 What made him so frightened?

2、seem

Seem+形容词 English seems a little difficult.

Seem to do He doesn’t seem to have any friends.

=It seems that he doesn’t have any friends.

It seems as if they were in a dream.

3、suggest

suggest+名词、代词

suggest doing建议做某事

suggest sb do 建议某人做某事

4、refuse to do sth拒绝做某事

5、beat 打败，后接运动员、球队、对手

win 接比赛、战争，奖项

6、avoid doing sth避免做某事

7、depend

depend on sb 依赖

depend on sth 依…而定

8、on one’s own独自

of one’s own 某人自己的

9、have problem with …在哪一方面有麻烦

have problem/trouble/difficulty (in)doing，其中trouble/difficulty是不可数名词，前面用no/much/some/little any修饰

10、come up出现，发生

1)发芽，In March, lots of plants begin to come up.

2)太阳升起

3）发生，出现I'll let him know if anything comes up.

4）被提及A number of questions came up at the meeting.

11、in order to、to+动词原形、so as to,so…that.so that，in order that

in order to、to+动词原形、so as to引导目的状语从句，有时为了表示强调，也可把in order to，to do放在句首，否定形式是in order not to,so as not to

12、as well as并且，还，可与not only…but also互换，但是as well as强调前面的内容，not only…but also强调后面的内容

1）连接两个并列成分He as well as his friends likes going shopping.

2）as well as还可以表示“和…一样好”，well是副词，用于修饰实义动词。

3）as well 可单独做副词，表示“也”，位于句末。

13、such adj. 如此，这样

so +adj.+a/an+单数名词

such+a/an+adj.+单数名词

such +adj.+复数名词、不可数名词，

当adj.是many/much/few/little时用so

14、倒装句

So + be/助动词/情态动词+主语“某人或某物也一样”

I will go there tomorrow. So will she.

So +主语+be/助动词/情态动词 “的确如此”

"It was very cold yesterday.""昨天很冷。"

"So it was.""的确如此。"

对于上述两种情况，当前一句是否定句时， so须改用neither或nor。

15、besides，but，except和except for

besides：除了......还包括He has another car besides this.

but与except同义，但but多用在every，any，no等和由这些词构成的复合词

except：除了；例句：Except you, there is no one can help me. 除了你没人能帮我

except for：在一类中除去另一类，Smith is a good man， except for his bad temper

二、语法知识

1、宾语从句

宾语从句的语序

宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：

I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.

I think (that) you will like this school soon.

Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?

Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.

宾语从句的时态

I don’t think (that) you are right.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。

Please tell us where he is.

Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?

如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：

He asked what time it was.

He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.

He asked if you had written to Peter.

知识拓展：

宾从的主语与主句的主语（或宾语）相同时，可把从句替换为“疑问词 + to do”

①.I haven’t decided where I will go =I haven’t decided where to go

②.He asked me what I bought = He asked me what to buy.

2、状语从句

★ 时间状语从句

1）由 when，as soon as ,before 等引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来时间。

2）带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：

The young man read till the light went out.

We won’t start until Bob comes.

★ 条件状语从句

1）条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，一般现在时表示将来时间。

2）“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。

Hurry up, or you’ll be late. =If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.

★ 结果状语从句

结果状语从句由so…that, such…that, so that

此知识点牵扯到重点词汇中的 so +adj.+a/an+单数名词

such+a/an+adj.+单数名词

such +adj.+复数名词、不可数名词，

当adj.是many/much/few/little时用so

3、to do 和doing做宾语

常考的动词后加-ing.

1. Enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事

2. Like doing sth 喜欢做某事

3. Have fun doing sth 玩得开心

4. Practice doing sth 练习做某事

5. Spend doing sth 花费时间做某事（主语是人）

6. Keep doing sth 保持一直做某事

7. How about doing sth 做某事怎么样（表建议）

8. What about doing sth 做某事怎么样（表建议）

9. Have a difficulty doing sth 做某事有困难

10. Have a good time doing sth 玩得开心

11. Feel like doing sth 想要做某事

12. Can’t help doing sth 禁不住做某事

13. start doing sth 开始做某事

14. go on doing sth 继续做某事

15. mind doing sth 介意做某事

16. finish doing sth 完成做某事

17. be busy doing sth 忙于做某事

18. see/hear sb doing 看到/听到某人正在做某事

19. remember doing sth 记住曾做过某事

20. forget doing sth 忘记曾做过某事

21. try doing sth 做某事试试看有何效果

22. mean doing sth 意味着做某事

23. can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事

24. stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事

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